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Shanghai University Psychology

Founded in 1954, SHNU was then named Shanghai Teachers Training College. In 1956 it was expanded into two colleges, Shanghai No. 1 Teachers College and Shanghai No. 2 Teachers College. Two years later, the two colleges were combined to form Shanghai Teachers College. In 1981, SHNU became the first batch of Chinese universities approved to confer master’s degrees, and in 1986, SHNU won the qualifications to admit doctor’s degree candidates.

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From 1972 to 1978, it was known as Shanghai Normal University after combining 4 other ones including East China Normal University. In 1978 it was restored to Shanghai Teachers College, and was renamed as Shanghai Teachers University in 1984. It combined with Shanghai Teachers College of Technology in October 1994 to form a new Shanghai Teachers University, whose English version was changed into Shanghai Normal University (SHNU) on May, 2003. From September 1997 to August 2003, the university took in successively the following units as its subordinates: Shanghai Teacher Training College, Department of Human Sanitation and Health of Huangling Teacher School, Shanghai Xingzhi Art School, and Shanghai Tourism Institute. Also located in SHNU are, among others, Shanghai Teachers Training Center, Shanghai College Teachers Training Center, and the Editorial Department of Academic Abstracts of Liberal Arts of College Journals.

Different agencies use different metrics to evaluate universities around the world, however the most common factors are : a) Academic achievements b) Employability c) Educational process d) Research facilities e) International outlook as to number of international students and faculty f) Citation by each faculty g) Student Faculty ratio etc.

Subject ranking is conducted every year by Shanghai, many ranking indicators such as Global research reputation, Regional research reputation, subject publications, subject books, International collaboration & total citations data is computed for subject ranking.

Psychology

Psychology is a branch of science that deals with the scientific study of human mind and behavior. The study in the field helps you develop excellent analytical and oratory skills, provides platform to master the art of conflict resolution in addition to knowledge on social and cognitive behavior processes. A degree in psychology opens doors to numerous career options. Psychologists as scientists and researchers delve into study of human behavior that serves as a platform to address interpersonal relationships, crime, terrorism, education, public health, economy and other contemporary issues. 

Various Major under Psychology

Psychology as a branch has many sub specialties due to its origin from multiple disciplines including medicine, biology, anthropology, sociology, linguistics and many others. You may choose a major in psychology depending on the area of work you want to get associated with. A few majors among them are forensic psychology, sleep psychology, industrial – organizational psychology, clinical psychology, behavioral and cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and professional geropsychology.

Career opportunities for Psychology

Skills and Knowledge acquired through your psychology degree can be applied to numerous streams apart from social service. A range of successful job profiles include 1) Rehabilitation Specialist 2) Psychiatric Technician 3) Case Manager 4) Career Counselor 5) Forensic Psychologist 6) Psychometrist 7) Human Resource Personnel 8) Educational Psychologist 9) Clinical Psychologist 10) Social service Specialist 11) Parole Officer 12) Marketing manager 13) Advertising Manager 14) Industrial and Organizational Psychologist 15) Marriage and Family Therapist

The Psychosomatic ward

The psychosomatic ward was founded in 1988. It is an open ward which utilizes an integrated treatment model, a blend of biological treatment and psychotherapy, embodying the idea of the modern “Biological-Psychological-Social” model. Most patients admitted to the ward suffer from diseases intimately associated with the psychological process, such as anxiety, depression, eating disorder, and numerous other less common psychiatric diseases. The department has three chief doctors, two associate chief doctors, three attending doctors, three residents, and 8 nurses on the wards. The inpatient ward has 48 beds on the unit, including 12 VIP beds. The ward has won fame throughout the country, with patients coming from distant parts of China for care at the Psychosomatic ward.

Characteristics of the ward:

Open management

The open management model makes the ward more acceptable to patients. The patients are able to return to their home on the weekends, which helps the patient improve their family, community, and overall societal relationships.

Biological treatment combined with psychotherapy

The treatment model in the psychosomatic ward is integrated: Biological treatment is combined with psychotherapy. The biological treatments available include medication, M-Electroconvulsive Therapy (M-ECT), along with many kinds of adjuvant physical treatments.

All patients in the ward receive group psychotherapy based on the psychodynamic model of the mind. Moreover, the patients receive individualized psychotherapy according to their diagnosis and individual needs. Diverse therapies, such as individual psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, family therapy, art therapy, Naikan therapy, Morita therapy and hypnotic therapy are all utilized. All doctors on the ward have received comprehensive psychotherapy training, along with clinical supervision. This allows the psychotherapy ward to take a leading role in the country.

Patients receiving treatment on the psychosomatic ward:

Neurosis (including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, somatoform disorder, and neurasthenia)

Depression (including dysthymia)

Psychological Disorders of Various other Kinds(hysteria, adjustment disorder, eating disorder, non-organic sleeping disorder, personality disorder, habit and impulse disorder and psychosexual disorder)

A Variety of acute transient mental diseases, often related to stress or other environmental factors.

Psychological Counseling Center

The psychological counseling center was founded in 1992, making it one of the earliest department in the country ,providing systemically treatment and teaching in psychotherapy and psychological counseling. In December 1998, the outpatient clinic building for psychotherapy and psychological counseling was founded. The clinic is currently the largest clinic for psychotherapy and psychological counseling in the country. The department provides a variety of treatments and services, ranging from general psychological problem (e.g., interpersonal adaptation and marriage and learning difficulties) to more severe psychological disorders and mental disease. The center provides integrated and individualized treatment, combining medication with psychotherapy. Therapies provided include individual therapy, group therapy, couples therapy, and family therapy. There are also a multitude of individual therapies to choose from. A patient may be treated using psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, hypnotherapy, Morita therapy, or Naikan therapy, depending on their clinical needs. All psychotherapists in the department receive comprehensive psychotherapy training and long- term clinical supervision to hone the psychotherapist’s skills. These factors make the psychotherapists at The Shanghai Mental Health Center the leading role in the country.

Specialty Psychotherapy Clinics:Anxiety Disorders Clinic

To promote the early recognition and effective treatment of anxiety disorders, the Department of Psychology staffs founded a specialized clinic which takes care of those men and women suffering from anxiety. The clinic combines both medications and psychotherapy to optimally manage these difficult to treat disorders. This special outpatient clinic provides services to patients with the following disorders:

       Anxiety: including acute and chronic anxiety

       General Anxiety, both acute and chronic

       Phobias, such as agoraphobia, social phobia, and specific phobia.

       Obsessive compulsive disorder

       Anxiety combined with depression

       Anxiety with largely psychological symptoms

       Anxiety Disorders due to General Medical Conditions

       Antenatal and Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders

       Sleeping disorders with significant anxiety

       Eating problem (Anorexia and bulimia)

       Anxiety concomitant with interpersonal relationship difficulties

Telephone based psychological aid

Since the Shanghai Mental Health Center has significant resources in the areas of research, training, and management of clinical services, the Center has been able to provide an emergency crisis line, The Shanghai Commonweal Hotline for Psychological Aid (021-12320-5). The professors and staff in the psychology department train, supervise, and manage all aspects of this hotline.

The precursor to the above hotline was the Shanghai Psychological Counseling for Mental Health Hotline (021-64383562), founded in November, 1990. This hotline won high praise from the community because it was convenient and efficient at providing psychological services, and performed the important task of helping to intervene during patient’s psychological crises.

Psychotherapy Utilized By The Department

 Psychodynamic psychotherapy

Psychodynamic psychotherapy is practiced in a special setting and is based on the psychoanalytic techniques developed and refined over the last 100 years. Treatment involves analyzing the unconscious resistance the patient may have, along with transference and countertransference. Interpretation of a person’s dreams is also utilized. The core of psychodynamic psychotherapy is an effort to help understand and regulate the patient’s unconscious conflicts and less adaptive defense mechanisms. Patients are able to both relieve their psychological symptoms and develop a maturity of personality.
Main Applications of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy: Neuroses, including obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety, social phobia, hypochondria etc., hysteria, dysthymia, psychosomatic disease states and personality disorders such as Narcissistic and borderline personality disorder. This form of therapy is not utilized for patients with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder.

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy aims to examine and change the cognitive-psychological images, beliefs and thinking styles of the patient. The therapist cooperates with the patients, finding out about how they view the world. Together, the therapist and patient learn that many of the ‘automatic thoughts’ the patient has are distorted and are far too negative. Therapy involves providing learning and training opportunity to change the patient’s false and negative beliefs and ideas regarding him or herself and replacing them with new, more balanced beliefs and ideas which are closer to reality. In this way, the patient’s symptoms are relieved.

Cognitive behavior therapy is usually time-limited and problem focused. It does not emphasize the past, but instead prefers to look at the patient’s current beliefs. In Cognitive behavioral therapy there is cooperation between the patient and the therapist to identify and change negative thought patterns.

Main Applications of Cognitive Therapy: Anxiety disorders, delusions prominent in schizophrenia, eating disorders, personality disorders, psychosexual disorders, psychosomatic disorders, marriage and family problem, and childhood conduct and behavior problem.

Family therapy

Family therapy examines the entire family unit’s function, making the family the ‘patient’. As such, Family therapy harnesses the power of the family to help change each individual for the better. Family therapy focuses on family members’ interactions while de-emphasizing each member’s individual psychological conflicts.

Main Applications of Family Therapy: Family therapy can be used for a variety of purposes such as the following Conflicts among family members :

     “Symptoms” in a family member which actually reflects problems in the family system

      Individual conflicts that need family involvement

      Families that either neglect a member or show overly concerned and anxious behaviors towards other family members

      The family becomes a block in an individual’s therapy, or they need to be involved in the individual’s treatment

      Individual therapy can not have the effect of family therapy;

      One of the family members has a particularly conflict inducing and chronic mental illness.

Group therapy

Group therapy uses the structure and members of the group as the therapeutic tool to help the patient. Through interpersonal interactions between group members the whole group learns to observe, experience, and explore themselves in relation to others, accept aspects of themselves that they felt were negative, regulate and improve their relationships with others. The members of the group also learn new attitudes and ways of behaving and improve their emotional response to others, thus developing better abilities to adapt to life situations and to develop their personal maturity.

Main Applications of Group Therapy:Significant emotional disorders (e.g., depression), neurosis (e.g., anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, phobia, somatoform disorder etc.), sleep disorders, interpersonal relationship problems, learning problems, eating disorders, family problems, and schizophrenia once in remission.

Hypnotic therapy

Hypnotic therapy uses the phenomenon known as ‘hypnosis’ to treat their mental disorders. Hypnosis narrow’s the scope of the patient’s consciousness. In this state, the patient is more receptive to changing their ideas and behaviors. There are many methods used to induce the hypnotic state of consciousness. Repetition of certain words, along with a slow, deliberate tone by the therapist, aids in this process. During hypnosis, the patient sometimes has access to memories and thoughts which are blocked by the conscious state . The therapist, once a hypnotic state is achieved,   uses psychological techniques such as analysis of content, interpretation, abreaction, age regression, and copying to help the patient achieve wellness. While in hypnosis, the patient can also, integrate the therapist’s positive language or actions into their own system of thinking, thus further helping the patient to psychologically mature.

Psychology in China

Chinese psychology may seem enigmatic because of its cultural and political isolation in the Mao Zedong years, but that is changing as China engages more with the wider world. China is among the fastest-growing economies in the world, and will soon become a leader in research and development. Chinese psychology is also growing rapidly and rising in international status; China hosted the International Congress of Psychology in 2004, and psychologists there are keen to engagewith the UK.

Psychology in China shares common roots with European psychology, beginning with German influences in the 19th century. But now China has a range of unique cultural problems that are of interest to psychologists, and indigenous approaches are being developed.

Psychological thought in China
Psychology as a scientific discipline has existed in China for 90 years since the establishment of the first psychological laboratory in Beijing (Peking) Universityin 1917 (Lawson et al., 2007; Zhao, 2000). But it is hard to know where to begin to identify the first evidence of psychological thinking in China, whose rich 3000-year history and culture has always had psychological undertones. Ancient classical literature such as Tao Te Ching, or The Classic of Word and Virtue (written by Lao Tze around 463bc, at the beginning of the Shang Dynasty), and Confucian Analects (a collection of Confucius’ teachings written by his students, edited from 436bc to 402bc), are all rich in wisdom with respect to intelligence, mental ability of self-control, balancing human relationships, and management at personal, group, and state level. Indeed, in traditional Chinese medicine, mental disorder has always been regarded as one of the six major causes of physical disease; many approaches to treatment were introduced in Emperor Huang’s Orthodox Classic (edited around 400bc) and later developed more formally. There is now a Traditional Chinese Medicine Psychology Committee, as part of the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies.  

As in many European countries, China’s academic psychology can be traced back to German laboratories. One of its senior initiators was Professor Yuanpei Cai who studied at the University of Leipzig in 1908–11, and took eight courses of psychology, including three lectured by Wilhelm Wundt on experimental psychology. He was appointed President of Peking University, and it was he who supported the establishment of the first Chinese psychological laboratory in 1917 by Professor Daqi Chen (1886–1983; Zhao, 2000). The first Department of Psychology was established at South-East University in 1920. Since then, psychology has made steady progress, stopping only during war periods.

The first translator of psychology was a Chinese pastor Yongjing Yan (1838–1898). He translated and published Mental Philosophy (Xing Ling Xue) as long ago as 1889, from its English version (written by Joseph Haven, an American pastor) published in 1857. The first writer of a psychology textbook in Chinese was an American Missionary, W. Martin (Ding Weiliang). He wrote Aspects of Human Nature (Xing Xue Ju Yu) in Chinese and had it published in 1898 (Jing & Fu, 2001). The first textbook of psychology, Simplified Psychology (Xin Ling Xue), was written by Chinese scholar Huang Chen and published in 1905 in Japan (Zhao, 2000).

Where is psychology taught?
In the 1980s there were only five departments of psychology in universities – Beijing (Peking) University, Beijing Normal University, East China Normal University, South China Normal University and South-West China Normal University. Since then the rate of progress has been staggering. Our trawl in 2000 revealed that there were by then already 45 independent institutions, including 20 departments of psychology, increasing to 187 by 2007. There are usually about 10,000 students studying for four-year bachelor degrees, over 2000 for two- to four-year master’s degrees, and more than 300 PhD candidates (finishing within three to six years) in these institutions. Before the revolution Professor Cai (see above) also helped to establish the Institute of Psychology in 1929, when he was the President of the Academia Sinica. Research topics focused on physiolog ical and comparative psychology, and experimental psychology in areas such as Chinese character recognition. Over 40 psychological assessments were developed before 1950s (Chinese Psychological Society, 1982). In laboratories of psychology in several universities, studies were carried out in industrial psychology and learning processes in civilian education (Zhao, 2000). Several senior Chinese researchers returned from studying abroad to work in universities or in the Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences (IPCAS). Biological traits were emphasised as mainstream research in psychology, while Pavlovian psychology dominated from the1950s to 1970s.

After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, psychology was considered as a branch of philosophy. This was reflected both terminologically and at institutional level. In many universities, departments of psychology and philosophy merged. However, basic research and education in psychology continued. Former President of the Central University, Professor Shu Pan, was appointed Director of IPCAS, which was re-established in 1951 as the only national-level basic research-oriented Institute of Psychology. Systematic experimental studies on visual perception and developmental psychology were conducted in the Institute, adopting Pavlovian principles. Some clinical studies were piloted and applied successfully, e.g. rapid integrated therapy on job burn-out in workers in the workshop of the Beijing Steel Factory. However, as a result of ideological disputes, education in and research in psychology stopped altogether during the cultural revolution (1966–1976).

Modern research
Teaching and researching in psychology recovered quickly after 1976, with cognitive psychology becoming pre-eminent. Psychology was also well resourced, becoming prosperous along with the application of the national policy of reformation and re-opening. More and more psychologists, among many professionals from other disciplines, were visiting and learning psychology abroad.  

Psychological research in China is now led by IPCAS. Its five branches – Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the CAS, Laboratory of Cognitive Psychology Research, Research Center for Social and Economic Behavior, Division of Developmental Psychology, and a newly established Center of Behavior Genetics – are focusing on both basic research and applied projects. It also publishes a bi-monthly review journal Advances in Psychological Science, starting in 1979.  Within clinical and applied professional areas, Chinese psychologists are working very hard to develop indigenous approaches. There is a huge demand among psychological professionals to copy the West, with increasing research on the high rate of suicide attempts, divorced families, problems in the education system, social conflicts, and urbanisation, along with the modernisation of the economic level of society. Attention has focused on urgent issues within particular age groups; for example, for the younger generation, there are problems like parenting conflicts, learning behaviour, psychological resilience, internet addiction, and the leaving behind of offspring in rural areas by parents working in urban areas. Thereis also, of course, the issue of China’s only children (resulting from the one-child policy): psychologists have found that only children had superior cognitive abilities, but no significant difference of personality traits, compared to children with siblings (Jing et al., 2003).

For adults in working environments, there are problems such as unemployment, marital and family conflicts, job burn-out, and continuing education. Psychologists also participated in the recruiting process for pilots and astronauts. Ageing issues – such as life satisfaction, early diagnosis of pre-senile and senile diseases and dementia, and psychological training for social service providers – are attracting more and more attention from psychologists.

Also of interest are neuropsychological studies, specifically with fMRI. Increasingly, studies by Chinese psychologists relating to Chinese language processing (Siok et al., 2004) and the Aha! reaction in riddle processing (Luo et al., 2004) are published in international journals, and are featured because of their cultural uniqueness or creative experimental protocols. Many arise from international cooperations. Many Chinese psychologists still struggle to get their research published in English – important because having high-quality peer-reviewed publications is a basic criterion for psychologists working in major universities and IPCAS to pass annual evaluations and to obtain promotion.

Comparative and educational psychology have long been the two main fields of psychological research, with studies of personality and management becoming increasingly popular in the past 10 years. Cognitive psychology has also been a major area, and other areas have developed, such as sport psychology, social psychology, psychology of religion (Chen et al., 2006), medical psychology and clinical psychology (Hou & Zhang, 2009; Qian et al., 2002). Psychology is, happily, getting more and more effective in getting funding support for research in competition with other disciplines (e.g. biology and medicine).

Employment of psychologists
Graduates with psychological training backgrounds are welcomed by a variety of institutions, such as schools, colleges, universities, hospitals and government departments. The need for psychological professionals is increasing in administration, business, health service, and in training professions. This makes psychology as a discipline increasingly attractive to the younger generation, so there are demanding criteria for university admission.

Psychological societies and organisations
Professional organisations recovered after the cultural revolution, and the Chinese Psychological Society (CPS) was accepted by the International Union of Psychological Science in 1980, returning Chinese psychology to the world stage.

There are now four major organisations representing psychology in China at national level. The basic research-oriented CPS (www.cpsbeijing.org) has 20 branch committees representing the current development of main areas of research and application. It was founded in 1921, and was thus only the seventh national society of psychology in the world (Rosenzweig, 1992). National conferences are held in cooperation with one of the 31 provincial psychological societies. CPS currently publishes two journalsbi-monthly, Acta Psychologica Sinica and Psychological Science, in Chinese (with occasional articles in English) but with single page English abstracts.

CPS issued its first ethic codes for psychological assessment in 1993 (CPS, 1993). As the demand for mental health service providers keeps increasing, psychologists in the ‘Clinical and Counseling Committee’ of CPS are working together to develop an ethical code for Chinese Clinical Psychologists, and to build a supervision system (registration and regulation) for psychological service providers. This first step of professionalising the psychological service in Chinese society has been approved by the Standing Committee of the CPS. The Chinese Ergonomics Society (CES, www.cesbj.org) was founded in 1989. It was affiliated to IPCAS from 1994 to 2002, and to Beijing University now. It publishes the Chinese Journal of Ergonomics quarterly.

The medical application-oriented Chinese Association for Mental Health (CAMH) was founded in 1979 and is currently affiliated to Beijing AnDing Hospital. It publishes the China Mental Health Journal, China Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal of Health Psychology and Psychology and Health Magazine. CAMH and CPS, jointly in cooperation with Beijing University (Department of Psychology), will hold the 5th World Congress of Psychotherapy (WCP2008, www.wcp2008.org) in Beijing in October 2008.

The Chinese Association of Social Psychology (CASP, tinyurl.com/yw9uld) was founded in 1982, with five specialty divisions (Theory and Instruction; Economical and Organizational Psychology; Ethnic and Cultural Psychology; Military Psychology; and Journalism and Communication Psychology), and 16 provincial branches. Their quarterly academic publication, the Journal of Social Psychology, has been publishedsince 1990.

International communication
Formal communication between Chinese psychologists and foreign colleagues took off early in the 20th century. The USA and UK were the two main destinations for Chinese students and visiting scholars studying psychology before 1949, and then the former Soviet Union and East European countries from 1949 to 1966. Since China reopened to the Western world, more and more students have flown to the USA and European countries to study psychology. Some of them return to mainland China after finishing their studies to take leading positions in teaching, research, and professional applications. International exchange programmes have proliferated among students, scholars and administrative staff.

A peak achievement in terms of international academic communication within China was the 28th International Congress of Psychology, held in Beijingin 2004, hosted by the CPS under the auspices of IUPsyS. It was the first ICP ever to be held in an Asian developing country, and it attracted more than 6000 psychologists from 78 countries aroundthe world.

Conclusion
Psychology in China is developing rapidly and Chinese psychologists are working hard to serve the country, meeting its demands while in the process of vast economic development. We are also targeting the frontiers for our own contributions to psychology both as a science and a profession, through international cooperation and in the context of indigenous Chinese culture.

Best Universities For Psychology In The World

Psychology explores human behaviors, the elements that drive human conduct, and how these actions influence personal and professional interactions. By studying psychology, students gain insight into the human mind, learning about themselves and others.

A degree in psychology trains learners to think critically, analyze, and implement the scientific method. Students learn psychological concepts, theories, and processes. They also explore conscious and unconscious human behavior.

The best colleges for psychology offer programs to assess human motivations, personalities, and emotions in the context of human interactions and psychological disorders. Graduates with advanced degrees in psychology can help others as therapists, social workers, and educators.

Students can find the best colleges for psychology worldwide. Whether you plan to pursue an undergraduate or graduate degree, here are the top psychology programs from 10 different countries.

RANKSCHOOL
1.Harvard University
2.University of Oxford
3.University of Amsterdam
4.National University of Singapore
5.University of British Columbia
6.University of Melbourne
7.KU Leuven
8.The University of Hong Kong
9.Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
10.University of Zurich

Harvard University

Established in 1636, Harvard has remained at the forefront of the psychology field since the late 19th century. Harvard currently offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in psychology, along with a postdoctoral program.

Divided into four research areas, Harvard’s psychology department offers undergraduate and graduate degrees with specializations in clinical, cognitive, social, and developmental psychology. Tutorials, research coursework, and projects keep learners engaged and on track throughout their programs.

Research opportunities within the department accompany non-departmental research work. Harvard provides scholarships and funding options for undergraduate and graduate students alike.

University of Oxford

Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world, enrolls over 400 undergraduate, graduate, and research students in its psychology programs. Competitive admission allows for only fewer than 7% of applicants to study at Oxford. International students comprise roughly 45% of the student body at Oxford.

Undergraduate programs in experimental psychology and psychology, philosophy, and linguistics explore core psychological research areas. Additional topics include abnormal, developmental, and biological psychology.

Graduate and research students benefit from access to more than 30 concentrations. Harvard offers master’s degrees in psychological research and neuroscience, as well as doctoral programs in experimental psychology and neuroscience.

University of Amsterdam

Tracing back to 1632, the UvA houses six psychology research groups within its faculty of social and behavioral sciences. UvA offers several psychology programs in both English and Dutch.

Undergraduate students can earn bachelor’s degrees in psychology in 36 months. Introductory coursework precedes research and specialized classes in one of six specializations.

Master’s degrees in psychology include clinical health tracks, research programs, and concentrated degrees in behavioral data science and cultural psychology. Research programs span 24 months. Clinical and specialized master’s degrees require 12 months of study.

National University of Singapore

NUS offers the oldest psychology program in the republic. Undergraduate students can earn bachelor of arts or bachelor of science degrees in general psychology. The curriculum covers the fundamentals of biological, developmental, cognitive, and abnormal psychology, along with specialized subjects like health psychology.

NUS provides two psychology master’s degrees. Full-time students can complete the clinical psychology degree in two years.

The master’s program allows learners to specialize in six research areas. Students can earn their degrees in 36 months. The psychology doctorate includes up to 72 months of coursework and research requirements.

University of British Columbia

Founded in 1915, UBC maintains campuses in Vancouver and the Okanagan Valley. The department of psychology at UBC includes 60 faculty members who specialize in one of eight research areas.

UBC’s bachelor’s degrees include a bachelor of arts in psychology and a bachelor of science in behavioral neuroscience. The former integrates introductory coursework with advanced classes, while the latter focuses on the biological basis for behavior with specializations in behavioral neuroscience and cognitive systems.

Learners in UBC’s graduate programs choose from seven concentration areas. Students also have opportunities for interdisciplinary study.

University of Melbourne

As one of UM’s over 100 areas of study, psychology falls within the institution’s bachelor of arts, bachelor of science, and bachelor of biomedicine programs.

Graduate options in psychology at UM include a biomedical science approach. Additional master’s degrees in psychology include applied psychology, educational psychology, and professional psychology.

UM also offers graduate diplomas in psychology and youth mental health, along with a joint master’s and doctoral degree in clinical psychology. All psychology courses hold accreditation from the Australian Psychology Accreditation Council.

KU Leuven

KU Leuven offers academic programs in English, French, Dutch, and Spanish. English-language options for psychology students include a master of psychology in theory and research.

KU Leuven’s master of psychology degree integrates classes in statistics and research methodology with coursework that explores the disciplines of psychology. Learners choose specialized courses in topics such as health psychology and neurobiology of psychiatric disorders.

Each psychology student completes individual and group-based coursework, interdisciplinary research, a master’s thesis, and an internship. The internship lasts 120 days, with learners placed at KU Leuven’s research labs or partner universities worldwide.

The University of Hong Kong

Undergraduate and graduate programs in psychology at HKU align with the department’s four research areas. Undergraduate students can major in psychology, cognitive science, or neuroscience, with additional opportunities to minor in human resource management.

Master’s degrees include specializations in clinical, educational, or general psychology. HKU also offers doctoral degrees in clinical and educational psychology, with accompanying research degrees in the same subdisciplines.

The nearly 20 research laboratories at HKU allow undergraduate and graduate students to engage with research and participate in ongoing studies. Faculty members get involved in community services.

As one of the 11 Universities of Excellence in Germany, HU Berlin offers a 180-credit bachelor’s degree in psychology that prepares students for careers in diagnostics, counseling, education, and business.

Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

Undergraduate learners engage with a curriculum based in the psychology fundamentals, with opportunities to complete research with 14 faculty members during their degrees.

The master’s degree in psychology at HU Berlin includes optional specializations in neurocognitive psychology, lifespan psychology, clinical psychology and psychotherapy, and methodology and diagnostics. Students can also specialize in general psychology and participate in short or long internships.

With nearly 30,000 enrollees, UZH is the largest university in Switzerland. The institution offers most classes and examinations in the bachelor’s and master’s degrees in psychology in German.

University of Zurich

Psychology programs at UZH include a 120-credit-hour bachelor’s degree, which students can complete in six semesters. The master’s degree in psychology spans four semesters. Didactic coursework, research seminars, and group assignments prepare learners for master’s thesis projects.

Master’s and doctoral programs in psychology at UZH include concentrations in four research areas. Doctoral students participate in the LIFE program to enhance research and teaching abilities through seminars and residency requirements.

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